80 



PLANT PROPAGATION 



ing. Each shoot in the stool forms a root system near its 

 base, making in most cases a straight, strong and stalky 

 plant. Mound layering is best adapted to the low-branched 

 trees or shrubs that are stiff and erect and will not permit 

 bending, as, for example, the English gooseberries or the 

 quince. 



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1 1 H 



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Fig. 27. — Notching, tongueing and ringing. 



Tip Layering. — Plants that have willow-like branches or 

 canes similar to those found on the raspberries are propa- 

 gated by tip layering. Tip layering is performed by bend- 

 ing the cane or branch of the plant down to the ground, 

 where it is held in contact with the moist earth by being 

 covered with several inches of soil. In a short time roots 

 will be formed at the tip of the cane and a new plant will 

 start to grow. When the young plant is well established 

 the cane is severed and it is removed to a new location. 

 Tip layering is so named because the plant is rooted at the 

 tip of the branch. 



Trench Layering. — Trench layering is performed by digging 

 a shallow trench and laying the branch of the plant in the 

 bottom of the trench. The entire branch is covered with 

 earth except the tip. The tip is allowed to grow out of 

 the ground so as to draw the plant food through the portion 

 of the branch which is covered. The covered branch should 



