INSECTS OF THE APPLE 



239 



first and the third later in the summer, the time ranging 

 from July 1 to August 10, depending upon the locality. The 

 strength of the poisoned solution is 2 pounds of arsenate of 

 lead to 50 gallons of water. 



San Jose Scale. — The San Jose scale is a destructive insect 

 in several of the fruit-growing sections. It is found on many 

 of the economic plants as well as on many of the ornamentals. 

 The apple seems to be its preference as a food plant, but 

 it is found on the pear, quince, gooseberry, osage orange 



Fig. 107. — San Jose scale and scab on the fruit of the apple. 



as well as on other plants. The ease with which it is dis- 

 tributed on nursery stock and its great power of reproduc- 

 tion make its extermination in any locality practically 

 impossible. Probably no other scale insect has ever been as 

 injurious to plants as the San Jose. The San Jose scale 

 attacks all parts of the plant. Its presence can usually be 

 detected by the reddish discolorations on the back of leaves 

 and on the skin of fruits. 



The insect is orange yellow in color and is covered with 

 a grayish waxy secretion called the scale. The female 



