FAGACEAE. 97 



solitary or in pairs. Acorns oblong or acute, about 2 cm. long; cupule 

 hemispherical, embracing about 1/3 of the nut, with lanceolate, light 

 chestnut brown, convex scales. 



West, Central & South China. (Hupeh, Szechuan, Chekiang, Kiang- 

 su, Kwangtung). The leaves are characterized by being prominently 

 reticulated beneath. 



Quercus aliena Blume. 



Tree 16 to 20 m. tall or taller. Branch lets glabrous. Leaves oblong 

 obovate, rounded or slightly acute, broadly cuneate or rounded at base, 

 shallowly sinuate with broad, rounded teeth, glabrous above, densely 

 white tomentose beneath, 10 to 20 cm. long; petiole under 10 mm. long. 

 Fruit 1-3, subsessile or short stalked. Acorn ellipsoid or oblong, 2-2.5 

 cm. long. Cup embracing about 1/2 the nut, scales thin and acuminate. 



Western & Central China to Korea and Japan. 



A very variable species, with forms particularly marked in the var. 

 acutiserrata Maximowicz described as having leaves with acute gland- 

 tipped teeth. For the average student, however, these inconstant char- 

 acters are hardly worth considering for all practical purposes. 



Quercus dentata Thunberg. 



Tree 20-2.5 m. tall, with dark gray, deeply furrowed bark. Buds 

 and young shoots tomentose. Leaves large, 20-30 cm. long, 8-18 cm. 

 wide, obovate, acute or rounded at the apex, cuneate or subcordate at 

 the base, deeply and serrately 5-9 lobcd, dark green, glabrous above, 

 light green with stellate pubescence below. Fruit almost sessile, clustered. 

 Acorn ovate or subglobose. Cupule with thin, lanceolate, reflexed, chest- 

 Out brown scales, enclosing about 1/2 of the nut which ripens in 1 year. 



Mongolia, China to Japan. (Ilupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan, Shantung, 

 Kiangsu, Chekiang, Kiangsi & Chihli) . 



It occurs on poor soils on the low hills of the Northern provinces, 

 according to Henry. Very commonly planted about temples, burying 

 grounds and parks. This is an important silkworm tree. The wood is 

 coarse grained and brittle. The bark is valuable and much used in 

 Japan for tanning. 



