50 THE ANTARCTIC MANUAL. 
shall find there the absolutely lowest yearly temperature, the absolute 
Pole of Cold on the Earth. 
It also comes out from Arctowski’s tables that the sea climate of 
the Antarctic regions is unpleasantly characterised by strong winds, 
long continued fogs, heavy clouds and frequent downpours. The 
winter is the best time: calms are frequent, and the number of days 
on which the sky is clear for hours together reaches its highest figure. 
In all these particulars which affect so materially the personal sensi- 
bility to temperature, the summer shows us an exact contrast to the 
winter. The material is not sufficient for a thorough investigation of 
the Antarctic climate ; and we must particularly regret that the figures 
for pressure have not been corrected. 
SUPAN. 
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE “SOUTHERN 
CROSS” EXPEDITION TO THE ANTARCTIC, 1899-1900. 
By Louis BernaccHl, 
(From Geographical Journal, vol. xvi., 1900, pp. 404-408, also p. 569.) 
THE following is an outline of the meteorological and magnetic 
observations taken by the expedition in Southern latitudes. The 
observations being still unreduced, it is impossible to discuss them 
fully at present, and for this reason no readings of the barometer can 
be given in this report. These meteorological observations were 
taken at Cape Adare in lat. 71° 18'S., during an entire year, from 
February 1899 to February 1900. They were conducted on nearly 
the same lines as ata station of the First order, and as accurately and 
regularly as possible. During the nine months of the year readings 
were taken two-hourly, from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m.; and during the three 
winter months, June, July and August, two-hourly observations were 
made day and night. Besides these readings, and those of maximum 
and minimum thermometers, the self-registering instruments fur- 
nished barograph and thermograph curves for the whole period, and 
records of the amount of sunshine were made by the Campbell- 
Stokes sunshine recorder. The tables given below, although only 
first approximations, are sufficiently exact to indicate the general 
nature of the climate. Observations taken at Cape Adare are possibly 
