272 THE ANTARCTIC MANUAL. 
with a stiffer peduncle, which is quite transparent, and looks like 
glass. Taken at station 147. (iii) Fungulus cinereus, Herdm.,, a club- 
like species, small. Taken at station 147. One specimen only was 
captured, the type of a new genus and species. (iv.) Bathyoncus 
mirabilis, Herd., from station 147, is founded on a single specimen. 
This species is allied to Styela, but differs in the structure of its 
branchial sac, in which feature it approaches Culeolus and Fungulus. 
(v.) A form Styela sericata, Herdm., taken at station 157, resembles a 
silkworm’s cocoon, encrusted with grains of sand, Diatoms, etc. The 
preceding forms all belong to the family Crwrano2 Two genera of 
the family Ascrompx were found. (vi.) Corynascidia suhmi, Herdm., 
the only stalked member of its family; the body is pyramidal or 
pear-shaped; the branchial sac is peculiar, and as delicate as a 
spider’s web. It was taken at station 146, and again, outside the 
area, at station 299. (vii.) Abyssascidia vasculosa, Herdm., taken at 
station 157. The other two families of Simple Ascidians, the Mozev- 
ioe and CLavetinips, are unrepresented in our area. The latter, in 
fact, are never deep-sea forms. 
Ascip1a Composit#.—tThe only genus of Compound Ascidian 
which extends to a greater depth than 1000 fathoms is Pharyngodic- 
tyon, belonging to the family Pozrctmipx, (viii.) Pharyngodictyon 
nurabile, Herd., is extremely interesting, as, although a compound 
form, its branchial sac differs from that of all other Compound Asci- 
dians, and exactly resembles that of the deep-sea genera of Simple 
Ascidians, Culeolus, Fungulus and Pathyoneus. The colony had a 
curious mushroom-like shape. It was taken at station 147. 
The deep-sea Tunicata, as is mentioned above, show very clearly 
two of the modifications often met with in bathybial forms. One is 
the development of a stalk, which is well shown in Culeolus and 
Fungulus, and to mention a species outside the Tunicata, in the Pen- 
natulid Umbellula ; and the second is a marked modification of the 
breathing organs shown both in the Simple and Compound Asci- 
dians and in many deep-sea forms outside the Tunicata. 
LIST OF STATIONS IN THE AREA DESCRIBED. 
Station 144.—Cape of Good Hope to Marion Island. 
Lat. 45° 57'S., long. 34° 39’ E. 
Temp. of water. Surface 43°-0, 
Bottom 35°: 8. 
Depth, 1570 fathoms; deposit, Globigerina Ooze, containing 92°34 
per cent. of carbonate of lime. e 
