842 THE ANTARCTIC MANUAL. 
then, are, with the exception of that discovered by Bellingshausen in 
69°S., the most southerly voloanoes known. The easternmost, or Sturge 
Island, rises also to a peak, named Brown’s Peak, but is not half the 
height of the former. Immediately off the eastern end of the centre, or 
Borradaile Island, is a remarkable pinnacle of rock, called Beale Pinnacle, 
which is described as rising like a tall lighthouse from the waters. The. 
westernmost, or Row Island, is low, and offers no remarkable feature. 
Feb. 14.—Continued working to the N.N.W. against a fresh northerly 
breeze, which on the following day fell light and variable. On the 16th 
it freshened up from the N.N.E., and at noon this day they had reached 
as far north as 63° 15’, and were only about 50 miles distant to the south- 
ward of the track of Bellingshausen, in 1820, when he first crossed that 
parallel. We may here notice also that the group of the Balleny isles 
lie only 145 miles distant, in a S.W. direction, from the point at which 
the Russian navigators crossed the parallel of 65°, and that, if the 
weather was very clear (an improbable case in these latitudes), the lofty 
peak of Young’s Island might possibly have been visible on the utmost 
verge of the south-western horizon from the mast-head of the Vostok. 
Taking advantage of a fine breeze and a clear sea, the vessels now 
ran rapidly for 170 miles to the 8.W., till the weather becoming foggy 
obliged them to heave to till the morning of the 18th, when it cleared 
up, and, finding no ice in sight, they again stood to the southward; 
latitude at noon, 64° 32’. Captain Balleny remarks that he had observed 
a clear sea generally between the barriers of ice, and about 2° to the 
south of it. After a day’s variable wind, with snow and sleet, the breeze 
gradually freshened from the east into a fresh gale, which carried them 
rapidly to the westward ; numerous flocks of mutton-birds, and about 
thirty whales, were seen, but only one iceberg. On the 22nd, at noon, 
the latitude observed was 63° 30’, longitude 141° 13’ thermometer 38°, 
temperature of water 34°, In the afternoon an azimuth, with the ship’s 
head west, gave the variation 17° 52’ E. The two following days con- 
tinued to the westward against a westerly wind, which on the 25th 
freshened from the east with snow and sleet; saw immense flocks of 
birds flying from the N.E. to the S.8.W., many whales and porpoises 
and a few icebergs. On the 27th, at noon, the observed latitude was 
64° 37', longitude 130° 32’ E., thermometer 35°, temperature of water 
34°. An amplitude at sunset, with the ship’s head N.W., gave the 
variation 14° 54’ W; thus, in the difference of 11° of longitude, or a 
distance of about 250 miles in this parallel, the variation had changed 
32° 45’, or nearly three points. 
“ March 1.—With a steady breeze from the §.E. continued standing 
to the westward—passed several icebergs, and numerous flocks of pen- 
guins, petrels, and mutton-birds. 
“ March 2, s.m.—Squally from the 8.E., with snow and sleet. At 8 
cleared off a little. At noon, latitude observed, 64° 58’, longitude 121°8, 
