CORN STARCH 339 



filtered. This oil sells for from 4 to 5 cents per pound. It is used for 

 manufacturing paint, for lubricating oil, and for making rubber. This 

 rubber, produced by vulcanizing the oil, is of a coarse texture and 

 mixes readily with India rubber, being useful where wearing qualities 

 rather than elasticity are required. Sole rubber, buflfers, and solid 

 rubber buggy tires, are made chiefly of the rubber from corn. Light- 

 houses have been successfully lighted with corn oil. A refined qual- 

 ity of corn oil is used in place of olive oil for salad dressing and pre- 

 serving. Much corn oil is exported annually to those countries which 

 manufacture olive oil. In 1914, 18,281,576 pounds of corn oil, valued at 

 $1,307,204, was exported from the United States. 



The extracted germs are marketed in the form of thin slabs, known 

 to the trade as "corn oil cake," or are ground and sold as "germ oil 

 meal." Exportation of this product in 1914 amounted to 59,030,623 

 pounds, valued at $909,407. Great Britain and Germany are the 

 exclusive purchasers of corn oil cake, the breeders of the Islands 

 relying upon it almost entirely as a concentrate. In the American 

 market, germ oil meal sells for from $18.50 to $25 per ton, its value as a 

 feed being less than that of linseed oil meal. Corn bran, after being 

 subjected to a thorough washing to remove the starch, is dried, and if 

 not mixed with gluten meal, sold as a separate product at from $15 

 to $22 per ton. It is bought by feeders and mixed with other heavy 

 concentrates to lighten the rations. 



The amount of the above products which a bushel of shelled corn 

 will produce is about as follows: 



Starch 36 pounds. 



Gluten meal 7 " 



Corn bran 5 " 



Germ oil meal 2.7 " 



Corn oil 1.8 " 



From the "green starch," as it first comes from the settling troughs 

 is made a number of other products. Dextrin, which is formed by 

 heating starch to 280 degrees Fahrenheit in the presence of dilute 

 nitric acid, is used extensively in the manufacture of paste and muci- 

 lage. Fine fabric, paper box, and glue manufacturers make large use 

 of different kinds of dextrin. The postage and revenue stamps of the 

 United States government derive their adhesive power from this corn 

 product. A granulated gum which competes strongly on the market 

 with gum arable, is manufactured from dextrin. 



For converting starch into glucose, dilute hydro-chloric acid is 



