1895] MARYLAND ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 245 
Arundel and Howard Counties, a small portion of the Chesa- 
peake Bay, and Patapsco, Back, Middle and Gunpowder Rivers. 
In this circle a great diversity of country is found. The part 
of Anne Arundel included is nearly level and low lying, as is 
also the “Necks” of Baltimore County. On these necks and 
also along as far as Havre-de-Grace, are located the famous 
ducking clubs of the Chesapeake. The water is brackish, or 
salty, rising and falling with the tide. The timber is prin- 
cipally short leafed pine. The other part of Baltimore and 
Howard Counties is more or less hilly, rising in places to over 
700 feet. The water courses are swift running streams in more 
or less deep cuts, some even in rocky gorges. These steep banks 
and most of the uneven land is heavily wooded with oaks, 
chestnut, beech, etc. (pines only appearing in small isolated 
patches), while the level ground is under a high state of culti- 
vation. All observations to which a locality is not given’ are 
within this circle; in special cases within this circle, and in all 
outside it, the exact location is given. 
The section usually worked by Messrs. A. T. Hoen, W. N. 
Wholey, and myself, extends from Waverly, in the northern 
part of Baltimore City, to Towson, and so through Dulaney’s 
Valley, across the lower half of Long Green Valley to the 
Harford pike and back to Baltimore; Mr. J. Hall Pleasants 
working within it around Towson. 
Waverly has an elevation of 200 feet and Towson 500. 
The lowest point in Dulaney’s Valley is the level of Loch 
Raven, 170 feet. The ridge between Dulaney’s and Long 
Green Valleys reaches 560 feet. Long Green Valley is all. 
above 250 feet. The Gunpowder River crosses this area in a 
zigzag course, at nearly right angles, its banks, except in 
Dulaney’s Valley, being precipitous. Four miles of it consti-. 
tutes Loch Raven. 
Mr. Wm. H. Fisher’s usual basis of observation is from 
Mount Washington to Lutherville, including Lake Roland on 
Jones Falls (230 feet above tide), and the Green Spring Valley, 
which, starting at 260 feet, near Sherwood, gradually ascends as 
