22 USEFUL PLANTS OF GUAM. 



of Austria, in whose honor the islands were named. The Jesuits 

 taught not only the Christian doctrine and the elements of learning, 

 but many useful arts as well. They also instructed the native youths 

 in music, as is shown by the inventory of their effects and the testi- 

 monj' of travelers visiting the island shortly after their expulsion. 

 They had several farms in j3ourishing condition, the finest of which 

 was that of Tachogna, in the interior of Guam, between Agana and 

 Pago. On this farm, called ''San Ignacio de Tachogna," they had a 

 fine herd of cattle, and elsewhere they had a stallion and a number of 

 brood mares. They were in constant communication with missions 

 of their order in other countries, receiving fabrics from New Spain as 

 well as from China and Manila, spices from Ceylon, and tobacco from 

 Mexico. Under their supervision the natives learned to cultivate 

 maize, tobacco, cacao, sweet potatoes, and other plants brought from 

 America, and in the inventories, besides a supply of garden imple- 

 ments called "fosinos" (thrust hoes), new machetes for clearing the 

 forest, and other im^plements, were found steel, iron, and blacksmith's 

 tools, tan bark and vats for tanning, carpenters' tools, saws, crow- 

 bars, pickaxes, paints, stones for grinding pigments, "metates" and 

 "manos," like those of the Mexicans for converting maize into tor- 

 tillas, and material and instruments for making ornaments for their 

 altars. The young lieutenant of the armada who brought the order 

 for their expulsion had been instructed to take away in his schooner 

 the Jesuits, together with all their belongings. Realizing that this 

 would be impossible, he made an official statement in writing to the 

 governor, saying that his little schooner, with a single deck, could not 

 accomplish the task; that it would require several two-decked vessels 

 much larger than his own to take away all the belongings of the 

 Fathers. Nevertheless, on November 2, 1769, the schooner Jv^uesfra 

 Senora de Guadalupe, which had brought the decree of banishment, 

 sailed awaj"^ from Guam, carrying the Fathers, together with as many 

 of their personal effects as possible. Many of their papers were 

 burned. In the inventory of their effects in the archives at Agana is 

 a list of letters, copies of memorials, manuscript sermons, and books. 

 Even the lay brother in the kitchen, who acted as procurador, had a 

 library of his own. On the arrival of the decree the senior of the 

 missionaries. Padre Xavier Stengel, was absent, having gone to the 

 neighboring island of Rota to hear confessions and administer the 

 annual communion to the natives. A canoe was sent to bring him. 

 As one of the Fathers had died sometime before the arrival of the 

 decree, it was necessary to carry back a certified statement of his death 

 and burial to account for his not sailing with the others. 



After the Jesuits' departure the farms were neglected, the cattle 

 now the property of the Crown, ran wild, and many animals were 

 killed by the natives, as may be seen in the records of trials in the 



