392 CHAKADBIID^ 



TOTANUS 



739. Totanus glottis. Gremshank. 



Tringa littoria, Linn. Syst. Nat. 10th ed. p. 149 (1758). 



Scolopax totanus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 12th ed. p. 245 (1766). 



Soolopax glottis, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. i, p. 292 (1787). 



Scolopax canescens, Omel. Syst. Nat. i, p. 668 (1788). 



Totanus glottis, Grill, K. Vet. AJcad. Handl. Stochh. ii, no. 10, p. 53 



(1858) [Cape and Knysna] ; Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 218 [Natal] ; 



Layard, B. 8. Afr. p. 325 (1867) ; Gurney, in Andersaon's B. 



Damaral. p. 301 (1872); Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 388; Seebohm, 



Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 355, with fig. (1888). 

 Totanus canescens, Sharpe and Dresser, B. Eur. viii, p. 173, pi. 570 



(1871) ; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 86 ; Barratt, Ibis, 1876, p. 213 ; Ayres, 



Ibis, 1880, p. 268, 1884, 233 ; Oates, Matabeleland, p. 325 (1881) ; 



Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 365 [Mashonaland] ; Butler, Feilden and Beid, 



Zool. 1882, p. 425 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 687 (1884) ; 



Marshall, Ibis, 1900, p. 265; Alexander, ibid. p. 454; Whitehead, 



Ibis, 1903, p. 237. 

 Totanus littoreus. Fleck, Journ. Ornith. 1894, p. 383 ; Reichenow, Vbg. 



Afr. i, p. 217 (1900). 

 Glottis nebularius. Sharpie, Cat. B. M. xxiv, p. 481 (1896) ; Woodward 



Bros. Natal B. p. 187 (1899). 

 Totanus nebularius, Shelley, B. Afr. i, p. 192 (1896). 



Description. Adult in non-breeding plumage. — Above ashy- 

 brown, the crown and neck streaked with whitish and dark brown, 

 the' feathers of the back mottled with submarginal blackish and 

 marginal whitish edges to the feathers ;■ wing-coverts, inner 

 primaries and secondaries darker than the back, slightly margined 

 with white, and mottled towards the bases of the inner webs; 

 primary coverts and outer primaries blackish, the shaft of the outer 

 primary white ; lower back, rump and upper tail-coverts white, the 

 latter with a few small spots of brown ; tail white with a few 

 narrow, rather irregular, broken bands of brown, which disappear 

 towards the outer feathers; forehead, sides of the face and lower 

 surface throughout pure white ; a patch on both sides of the breast 

 freckled with brown ; axillaries and under wing-coverts white, 

 slightly and irregularly marked with brown; hardly any web 

 between the middle and inner toe. 



Iris dark brown ; bill black towards the tip, greenish-brown at 

 the base ; legs and feet greenish-grey. 



Length (in flesh) 13-5 ; wing 7'3 ; tail 3'1 ; tarsus 2-45 ; oulmen 

 2-1. 



In the breeding-plumage the back has a ruddy-brown tinge and 



