160 CAENIVOEA. 



" Their young, which are generally two in number, 

 are not larger than rabbits, and make a footmark in the 

 snow no bigger than a crown-piece." 



EUSSIAN OE SIBEEIAN BEAE. 



Ursus arctos. 



French : Ours de Eussie. German : Eussicher-Bar. 



This widely-distributed Bear is generally called the 

 Brown Bear, but it is in reality a Grizzly, as it is of a 

 greyish colour. It is darker, almost black, in some dis- 

 tricts, and paler in others; but in nearly' all specimens 

 the black and white longer hairs are perceptible, and 

 the white collar or spot on the neck is usually con- 

 spicuous. 



This Bear inhabits the Pyrenees, the Carpathian 

 Mountains of Austria, Transylvania (Gorgeny Sz Imre), 

 Upper Hungary, and some parts of Switzerland. It 

 is common in Eussia, the Caucasus, and parts of Nor- 

 way and Sweden. In the British Islands it is now 

 extinct but many centuries ago it was abundant, and 

 was hunted. 



Bear-baiting then formed a favourite pastime of our 

 forefathers, the English Bear, although small, being of 

 the same ferocious nature as its Eussian and Asiatic 

 brother, and its cousin, the well-known Grizzly Bear of 

 the Eocky Mountains. The Bear was tied to a post and 

 allowed 40 feet of chain, within which limit no one was 

 allowed to enter. It was then attacked by dogs, which 

 were thrown at it, the Bear defending itself, and often 

 hugging its opponents to death in its powerful arms. 

 In 1665, the year of the Plague, Bear-baiting was pro- 



