TWITCHES, GAGS AND BAKNAOLES. 



19 



Fig. 13. Rope and Long Stick Gag. 



The rope and long stick 

 Figure 13, is made sim- 

 ilar to that of Figure 12 ex- 

 cept the piece of wood (a) 

 should be from 10 to 18 inches 

 long. Insert the stick at side 

 of cheek (b) and twist until de- 

 sired tension is obtained. The 

 free end of stick can then be 

 tied to rope (c) at side of 

 face. 



Baenacles. 



Barnacles are made of either metal or wood. They con- 

 sist of two pieces hinged together at one end and so shaped at 

 the free ends as to make them easily and quickly brought to- 

 gether so that they can be "fixed" securely by cord or other 

 m^eans. The barnacle answers the same purpose as either the 

 twitch or gag. It is more severe in its effects, and should al- 

 ways be used with 

 ^ discretion. The 

 wooden barnacle, 

 Figure 14, con- 

 sists of two round 

 pieces of hard 

 wood 1% inches 



in diameter and 15 inches long, into which notches or circular 

 ridges are cut to come in contact with the lip. These cause 

 pain as well as prevent the appliance frqm slipping off the lip. 

 They are hinged at one end by means of a piece of rope or 

 cord. To apply this barnacle the lip ig grasped and the free 

 ends of the stick brought together until desired pressure on 

 lip is obtained; then the free ends of sticks are tied together 

 with cord. 



Fig. 14. Wooden Barnacle. 



