210 MICROBES, FERMENTS, AND MOULDS. 
plicated. The blood of the eruption, the catarrhal 
secretion of the: nose, ete, contain small round 
bodies, isolated or in pairs (in the form of the figure 
8), or more rarely in short chaplets, When there is 
decided pneumonia, the pulmonary alveoli likewise 
contain isolated bacteria, in the form of an 8, in 
chaplets, and even in zoogloea, or massed together. 
Babés has not yet cultivated nor tried to inoculate 
this microbe. 
More recently, in January, 1883, Le Bel observed, 
in the urine of persons attacked by measles, the 
appearance of slightly curved rods (bacillus) capable 
of very slow movements. Their length varies con- 
siderably, and the spores appear in a swelling which 
occurs at about a third of the length of each rod. 
This microbe appears for a few days at the beginning 
of the fever, and disappears with the fever, to return 
afresh at the moment when peeling begins. We know 
that these are the two epochs of contagion. The 
microbe is found in this scurf, and may be obtained 
by scraping the skin with a knife. Le Bel succeeded 
in, cultivating it in sterilized urine. In serious cases 
of measles, the microbe remains upon the skin and in 
the urine for weeks, and even months. It is probable 
that Babés’s micrococcus and Le Bel’s bacillus are only 
two forms of the same microbe. 
Scarlatina.—Pohl has found, in the desquamating 
epidermic cells of this disease, and on the soft palate, 
micrococci of somewhat smaller size than those of 
