74 



XX Contents. 



FAOE. 



Pastures should not be over-stocked the first year ... ■ • ■ 66 



Importance of re seeding vacant patches In pastures ... •■ 67 



Moss in pastures ... ... ... ... ... • • ■ "8 



Treatment of the pasture in the third and fourth year... ... 69 



How to get most winter and spring keep out of pastures, and 



thus reduce cost of feeding stock ... ... ■ • • 70 



Rouen, or preserved aftermath ... ... ... ■•• 71 



" Fogging the land " in South Wales ... ■■• ■•• 72 



Shutting-up a pasture at Sharsted Court ... ... ■ • • 73 



Advantages of this as regards re-seeding and prevention of 



moss 



Our hill pastures might be much improved if treated in blocks on 

 the Welsh fogging system. Risk from snow not serious. 

 With the aid of rouen, "fogging the land," and oilcake, 

 turnips and cereals can be largely diminished, and the cost 

 of producing stock diminished ... ... ... 75 



CHAPTER VI. 



FORAGE PLANTS. 



Danger of regulating present practices by previous customs 



which may not be founded on a sound experience ... ... 77 



Cause of the preference for ryegrass. Mr. James Hunter's note 



thereon ... ... ... ... ... ... 78 



Sinclair's opinions as to cocksfoot being superior to ryegrass, and 



afifording a greater quantity of vegetable mattef to the soil. 



The effect of plant roots on the soil ... ... ... 80 



The grass mixtures usually sown not founded on sound principles. 



New mixtures used by author ... ... ... ... 81 



Proofs of the great value of deep-rooting plants for breaking up 



hard pans. Value of chicory roots in keeping soil soft and 



open in a drought . . ... ... ... ... 82 



Chicory, burnet, and kidney vetch as subsoilers ... ... 83 



Chicory superior to parsnip as a deep-rooter ... ... 84 



Opinions of a well-known farmer as regards two poor land fields ... 85 

 Results would have been far more surprising had sheep been fed 



with oilcake ... ... ... ... ... 86 



Importance of careful tillage and seeding. Liberal seeding most 



essential to success ... ... ... ... ... 87 



Arthur Young considered liberal seeding essential ... ... 88 



The number of germinating seeds required to sow an acre ... 89 



Quality of seed of great importance. Great differences in the 



results from different qualities of seeds ... ... ... 90 



The Lake field laid down with seeds from two different sources, 



and the results. Effects of inferior seeds perceptible for 



many years ... ... ... ... ... ... 91 



Differences in plants grown from seed produced in various 



climates should be further investigated ... ... ... 92 



Remarks on cocksfoot ... ... ... ... ... 93 



