l.")2 Krperieitce.i Up to the end of October, 1904. 



the greatest importance to British agricultiiie. It is constantly 

 being assumed that farmers may be relied on for adopting whatever 

 course will pay them best. There never was a greater delusion. 

 jSlore than one hundred years ago the superiority of cocksfoot to 

 ryegrass was amply proved. The former, from its superior productive 

 power, is cheaper than the latter. The former tells in the most 

 superior manner on the subsequent crops, and in ameliorating the 

 condition of the soil. But the farmer still prefers the practically 

 dear ryegrass to the cheaper and more advantageous cocksfoot. 



Manures used for Turnips at Clifton-on-Bowmont. — First crop taken 

 after grass — 6 cwt. to 8 ewt. of basic slag, 1 cwt. of sulphate of 

 potash, and 1 cwt. nitrate of soda per acre. Analysis, 26 to .SO per 

 cent, total phosphate. Fineness, 80 to 90 per cent, will pass through 

 sieve 10,000 to the square inch. Second crop after oats — 5 cwt. to 

 6 cwt. bone manure per acre. Analysis, 2 to 2i per cent, ammonia, 

 32 to 35 per cent, of phosphates, 24 per cent, of which are soluble. 

 If the field seems poor it receives the larger quantity stated, and if 

 in good heart the lesser. 



Difference between Five-coune Rotation and that on my Farm. — 

 Our rotation is as follows : — Turnips out of grass, oats, turnips, and 

 either oats or barley with grass seeds, when the land is left for four 

 or five years in grass, fields being taken up again a year earlier or 

 later as may appear advisable from the condition of the grass. If 

 we take three rotations of eight years eacli, which is practically my 

 system, there will be twelve years of grass, six of turnips, and six of 

 corn. Taking five rotations on the five-course system, there would 

 be ten years of grass, ten of corn, and five of turnips. The great 

 change in the system is that by altering the old system from grass 

 crops in divisions of two years each to the new one of putting them 

 into periods of four years each, I am enabled, at no greater average 

 cost per annum, and even at less, to put down a first-class grass 

 mixture which will not only yield much more and certain food, but 

 leave behind it for the succeeding crops a rich and deeply-rooted turf. 



Comparison of the Results of the New System at Clifton-on- Bowmont 

 with those of an adjacent Farm. — I have found that the Inner Kaimrig 

 field of 2.'i acres has kept as much sheep stock as the 87 acres of the 

 fields of an adjacent farm, where the soil and situation throughout is 

 certainly better than that of my field, which is by far the poorest on 

 the farm, or certainly was so till well supplied with humus from the 

 ploughed-down turf. The adjacent farm is kept on the old five-course 

 system, and the mixtures used are clover and ryegrass. But this is 

 far from being all. When my neighbour puts down turnips he will 

 have to manure them with dung or artificials, and will probably do so 

 with both ; while the fine turnip crop grown in the adjacent field (East 

 Countridge) to the Inner Kaimrig, without any manure, proves that 

 my land requires neither. 



