298 PLANT CULTURE 



watered during dry spells. The plants are easily transplanted in 

 the Spring or Autumn. Deep hoeing should never be practiced, as 

 the roots are almost certain to be injured thereby. 



BERBERIS (Barberry). B. vulgaris is the common Barberry. 

 It has rather ornamental yellow flowers, in May or June, followed 

 by bright red fruits, which remain on the bush during Winter. 

 There are numerous varieties; one named B. v. atropurpiirea has 

 purple-colored leaves. This is the sort which is now known to 

 carry the wheat rust and its use is discouraged. A Japanese 

 species, B. Thunbergii, grows from 3 to 6 feet high and 

 is by far the most ornamental of the deciduous kinds. It 

 is very symmetrical, seldom needing the aid of the knife to 

 keep it in shape. It loses its foliage in the late Fall, but during 

 the Winter and up till the time when the new leaves 

 expand, the bushes usually present a very pretty appearance be- 

 cause of the small but very numerous fruits. Another species, 

 B. Wilsonm, is an ornamental hedge plant, succeeding in somewhat 

 sheltered positions. B. amurensis, B. Regeliana and B. sinensis are 

 also good deciduous kinds. B. stenophylla has small, simple leaves. 

 B. acuminata, a new evergreen species, has a decidedly novel appear- 

 ance. B. (Mahonia) pinnala thrives here only in sheltered positions. 

 B. (M.)japonica,B. (M.) nepalensis andB. (21.) aquifolium are all 

 well known evergreen shrubs, thriving in this section even in the 

 most exposed positions. The flowers are produced early in the 

 season, followed by handsome clusters of fruits which ripen during 

 the latter part of May and June. 



Propagation. The readiest method of increase is by seed, 

 which should be collected when the leaves fall, gently rublsed be- 

 tween the hands to bruise the covering, and sown in sandy loam, 

 in shallow boxes, making the soil firm. If placed in the cool green- 

 house they will germinate uniformly, and by the end of the first 

 year they should be over foot high. 



BUDDLEIA (Butterfly Bush. Summer Lilac). Of recent 

 years the various Buddleias have become very popular. The grace- 

 ful spikes of fragrant lilac flowers are borne upon the wandlike 

 branches serving to make the Buddleia one of the handsomest Sum- 

 mer blooming shrubs. The species are not quite hardy in the north, 

 but if such species as B. Davidii (variabilis), B. Vcitchiana, B. 

 japonica and 5. intermedia are well protected with leaves around the 

 base of the plants, the roots will survive the Winter and send up 

 blooming stems in the Spring. 



