HARDY SHRUBS 305 



well-drained situations. C. Kousa, a Japanese species, resembling 

 C. florida, is superior in prolificacy of bloom. C. sanguinea has dark. 

 red branches — a very effective plant among other shrubs. C. 

 racemosa {candidissima), C. mas and C. alba are commonly grown, 

 the first for its flowers, the second principally for its fruits, while 

 the last has striking red twigs through the Winter. C. alternifolia 

 is a handsome, small tree with the branches in tiers, more or less 

 regular. 



Propagation. Seeds germinate the second year. The sorts 

 such as C. alba propagate by hardwood cuttings. The varieties of 

 C. florida are budded or grafted upon seedlings of the type. 



COTONEASTER. A dense, low growing, evergreen shrub. 

 Cotoneaster microphylla has small leaves and bright red fruits that 

 remain on the plants the best part of Winter. C. Simonsii is almost 

 evergreen and perfectly hardy south of New York; its bright red 

 fruits are the main feature of the plant. 



Propagation. They are propagated best by taking cuttings, 

 about 6 inches long, and rooting them indoors in August or Sep- 

 tember. 



CRAT^GUS (Hawthorn). There are numerous American 

 species cultivated as shrubs, or dwarf trees, the best of which are 

 C. cnccinea, the scarlet fruited Thorn, and C. crus-galli, the Cockspur 

 Thorn. Owing to their bright red fruits, often remaining a long 

 time after the leaves fall, they are valuable decorative subjects. 

 C. oxyacantha is the English Hawthorn. Varieties of this species 

 make very symmetrical specimens. They are more floriferous than 

 the American kinds. Some of the best are C. 0. alba-plena, double 

 white; C. 0. punicea- plena, double scarlet; C. 0. bicolor, pink, edged 

 with white; C. 0. rosea, pink with white claw. C. pyracantha is the 

 Evergreen Thorn. The fruits are the principal decorative feature 

 of this shrub; they are of a beautiful scarlet color, remaining on the 

 branches during Winter. C. p. Lelandi has bright, orange-scarlet 

 fruit — a' very ornamental and quick-growing variety. 



Propagation. They are increased by budding or grafting upon 

 seedlings of the type. The seeds do not germinate until the second 

 year from sowing, consequently they should be mulched in Summer 

 to prevent drying out. 



CRYPTOMERIA (Japan Cedar). With us this is one of the 

 most satisfactory of the evergreen coniferse. It looks well in a 

 5-inch pot, and from that to a specimen 30 feet high. It varies very 



