THE MOTH 45 



(9) Trace the alimentary canal to the mouth and find 

 the esophagus, or gullet, and the crop. Note a cluster of 

 salivary glands around the crop. Behind the crop find th& 

 stomach and intestine. Find the posterior opening of the 

 intestine, the anus. Draw the alimentary canal as seen from 

 above. 



(10) Remove the alimentary canal with extreme care. 

 Note the longitudinal muscles. What is their function? 

 Below and between these muscles note a small white cord 

 with enlargements. This is the ventral nerve cord. The 

 swellings are ganglia. At the anterior end the nerve cord 

 divides, forming a collar about the esophagus and a gan- 

 glion above it. Is there a ganglion in each segment? 



(11) Make a diagram of nervous system enlarged 



(X4). 



(12) Upon what does this animal feed? At what time 



of the year does it live? 



(13) Is it injurious? Why do you think so? 



(14) This larva, like the larva of all other insects, is a 

 ravenous eater, and as it grows it molts its skin to make 

 room for its rapidly increasing size. 



After molting the last time it goes into the ground 

 arrayed in its pupa covering, a dark brown skin. 



II. The Pupa. — ()i Look for pupae in the gardens 

 where tomatoes have been grown. They may be found in 

 October about four to eight inches under ground. Study the 

 head, thorax, and abdomen of a pupa. Do you find a pro- 

 boscis present? In what condition is it? Dp you see any 

 indication of wings? Where? 



(2) Is the animal living? How does it obtain food? 

 Does it breathe? Give reasons for your answer. 



