204 MAINE AGRICUI,TURAI< EXPERIMENT STATION. I909. 



These galls begin to open about August 15 in Maine. The 

 full grown pupae walk out on the spruce needles, where they 

 molt their pupal skins. The newly emerged winged insect is 

 yellowish with distinctly green wings and even the wings of the 

 aged specimens retain the green color. 



Unlike the Pine-leaf Chermes, this Green-winged .Chermes 

 does not use alternate host plants. That is, it does not seek 

 the pine or any different kind of tree to lay eggs on than that 

 on which it produces the galls. Shortly after emerging from 

 the gall it lays its eggs on the spruce and the young which hatch 

 from them do not acquire wings but develop to a wingless form 

 living solitary over winter on the twig. This is the form that 

 lays eggs in the spring for the generation that causes the 

 development of the gall which shelters them. 



Remedial Measures. Spraying the trees in April with whale- 

 oil soap solution (i pound to 2 gallons of water) has been 

 reported as effectual. (34th Report Mass. Agric. College). 

 The practice of removing and burning the galls will serve to 

 control this species sufficiently on ornamental trees. At Orono 

 great numbers of the winged forms are caught in spiders' webs 

 that are spun irregularly over the spruce twigs. 



