the contents of one egg mass is devoured, the larva moves to another, 

 and, if the twigs are badly infested, it constructs a silken tunnel 

 from one mass to another, often destroying several egg masses before 

 reaching maturity. Four lady beetles have been observed feeding upon 

 this species, the twice stabbed lady beetle ( Chilocorus bivulnems) , Hyper- 

 aspis signata Oliv., H. bigeininata Rand, and the imported species Rhizo- 

 biiis vcntralis. 



The following chalcid flies have been reared from the cottony maple 

 scale ; Coccophagus lecanii Fitch, C. iiwuoscutellum Ashm., Euntons 

 Ik'idus Ashm.. Aphycus piili'iiiaricr How and Comys fusca How. 



A dipterous parasite,. L^Mco/iij nigricornis Egger., was reared from 

 the cottony maple scale by Mr. J. G. Sanders. These natural enemies 

 generally serve to hold the pest in check to such an extent that it does not 

 do serious damage, except in extremely favorable seasons. 



1882, Osborn, Trans. Iowa State Hprt. Soc., 17 : 209-211. 



1884, Riley, Ann. Rept. U. S. Commr. Agri., pp. 350-355. 



1889, Lintner, 6th Rept. N. Y. State Ent., 6:141-147. 



1890, Packard, 5th Rept. U. S. Ent. Comm., pp. 412-416. 

 1890, Riley and Howard, Insect Life, 3:125. 



1893, Hopkins, Bui. 32, W. Va., Agri. Exp. Sta., p. 229, No. 413 b. 

 * 1900, Howard, Bui. 22, (n. s.) Div. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agri., pp. 8-16. 

 1905, Sanders, Cir. 64, Bur. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agri., pp. 6. 



Icerya purchasi Mask. The Cottony Cushion Scale. Feeds upon 

 the sap of various trees and shrubs. . At one time threatened to destroy 

 the fruit industry of California ; now successfully controlled by the Aus- 

 tralian lady beetle ( Veddia cardinalis. ) 



**1886, Riley, Ann. Rept. U. S. Commr. Agri., pp. 466-492. 

 11888, Riley, Insect Life, 1 : 126-137. 

 1901, Gossard, Bui. 56, Fla. Agri. Exp. Sta., pp. 311-356. 



Pseudococcus aceris Geof. "On black locust and soft maple." 

 1893, Hopkins, Bui. 32, W. Va. Agri. Exp. Sta., p. 229, No. 413 a. 



Lecaneum hesperidum Linn. The Soft Brown Scale. On black 



locust twigs. 



1832, Coquillett, Bui. 26, Div. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agn., pp. 26-27. 



Eulecaneum robiniae Towns. "On Robiniae pseudacacia." 



1903, Fernald, Bui. 88, Mass. Hatch Agri. Exp. Sta., p. 196, No. 963. 



* Life History and parasites. 

 ** Description, life history and food plants, 

 t Enemies. 



