347 



(For use without Bordeaux mixture). Sal soda, i lb., water, 



Arsenite i gal. white arsenic, i lb., quick lime, 2 lbs. Dissolve the 



of lime. white arsenic with the" water and sal soda as above and 



use this solution while hot to slake the 2 lbs. of lime. Add 



enough water to make 2 gallons. Use 2 quarts of this stock solution in 50 gallons 



of water. 



For wet application, use fresh white hellebore, i oz., water, 2 or 

 Hellebore. 3 gals.. For dry application, use hellebore, i lb., flour or air- 

 slaked lime, s lbs. This is a white, yellowish powder made from 

 the roots of the white hellebore plant. It loses its strength after a time and should 

 be used fresh. It is used as a substitute for the arsenical poisons on plants or fruits 

 soon to be eaten. 



Hard, soft or whale-oil soap, J lb., water, i gal., kerosene, 



Kerosene 2 gals. Dissolve the soap in hot water; remove from the Sere 



emulsion. while still hot and add the kerosene. Pump the liquid back into 



itself for five or ten minutes or until it becomes a creamy mass. 



If properly made the oil wiU not separate out on cooUng. 



For use on dormant trees, dilute with from 5 to 7 parts of water. For kiUing 

 plant-Uce on foliage dilute with from 10 to 15 parts of water. Crude oil emulsion 

 is made in the same way by substituting crude oil in place of kerosene. The 

 strength of oil emulsions are frequently indicated by the percentage of oil in the 

 diluted liquid: 



For a 10% emulsion add 17 gals, of water to 3 gals, stock emulsion. 

 For a I s % emulsion add i o J gals, of water to 3 gals, stock emulsion. 

 For a 20 %emulsion add 7 gals, of water to 3 gals, stock emulsion. 

 For 3.2$% emulsion add 5 gals, of water to 3 gals, stock emulsion. 



Soap, I lb. ; water, i gal. ; crude carbolic acid, i pint. Dissolve 

 Carbolic acid the soap in hot water, add the carboUc acid and agitate into an 

 emulsion. ^ emulsion. For use against root-niaggots, dilute with 30 parts 

 of water. 



This is a valuable insecticide and is used in several forms. As 



Tobacco. a diist it is used extensively in greenhouses for plant-lice, and in 



nurseries and about apple trees for the woolly aphis. Tobacco 



decoction is made by steeping or soaking the stems in water. It is often used as 



a spray against plant-lice. Tobacco in the form of extracts, punks and powders is 



sold under various trade names for use in ' fumigating greenhouses. 



An effective insecticide for plant-lice is whale-oil soap. Dis- 



e solve in hot water and dilute so as to obtain one pound of soap to 



" every five or seven gallons of water. This strength is effective 



against plant-lice. It should be appUed in stronger solutions, 



however, for scale insects. Home-made soaps and good laundry soaps, like ivory 



soap, are often as effective as whale-oil soap. 



There are now on the market a number of preparations of petro- 

 MisciTile oils l^^ni and other oils intended primarily for use against the San 

 Jos6 scale. They mix readily with cold water and are immedi- 

 ately ready for use. While quickly prepared^ easily applied and 

 generally effective, they cost considerably more than Ume-sulfur wash. They are, 

 however, less corrosive to the pumps and more agreeable to use. They are especi- 



