54 



reaction will take place forming arsenate of lead in a fine white 

 powder in suspension in the water. If cold water be used in the 

 wooden pails, the solution of the acetate of lead will require a little 

 time, but,however, if the water be hot, it will dissolve very quickly. 

 It is customary to add from 2 to 4 quarts of glucose to the above 

 amount of water. If it is desired to use larger proportions of 

 the arsenate of lead, it is only necessary to use more acetate of 

 lead and arsenate of soda, but always in the proportions given 

 above." To ensure success in spraying two points should be 

 kept in mind, namely, promptness and thoroughness. The 

 poison will be much more effective if applied before the cater- 

 pillars are one-fourth grown and of but little avail if the appli- 

 cation is delayed until after they are half grown. 



Second, destroying the caterpillars when they have assembled upon 

 the trunks or large branches. — This may be done in any convenient 

 way. A very easy way is to crush them with an old broom 

 which, to insure the death of all the caterpillars it touches, has 

 been dipped in kerosene oil. The kerosene oil is fatal to them, 

 and if preferred may be sprayed directly upon them. 



Third, jarring and banding. — ^Jarring is seldom practical except 

 with small trees. The tree should be given a few quick, sharp 

 raps with a padded mallet. The caterpillars will drop at once 

 and may be collected and destroyed in curculio carts or upon 

 sheets spread upon the ground. 



Banding is for the purpose of preventing those caterpillars that 

 have been jarred off by the wind, or by birds, or have left the tree 

 during the restless period just previous to pupating from again 

 ascending the trunk ; also to protect the trees from invading 

 caterpillars, especially when the orchard is situated near infested 

 shade or forest trees. The bands may be made of cotton wool in 

 which the caterpillars will become entangled, or better by some 

 Sticky substance such as tar mixed with two parts of raw oil, or 

 with raupenleim. Either of these substances should be smeared 

 upon bands of paper at least a foot wide which can be tied around 

 the trunks of the trees. By using the paper there is no danger of 

 injury to the bark. Sticky fly paper is sometimes successfully 

 used in the same way. The caterpillars will be caught upon 

 these bands and soon die. Where the caterpillars are very 



