EiLM LEAF BEETLB IN NEW YORK STATE 17 



Yliet have been very severely injured, though the relatively few 

 European elms suffered more. 



No species of elm grown in this country is exempt from 

 attack though there is considerable variation in the degree of 

 injury inflicted on the different kinds. The relative liability 

 to attack is apparently a variable quantity in different locali- 

 ties. According to Dr Howard's observations, the American 

 tlm suffers more from the insect than does the Scotch, the 

 English species being the favorite, while in both Albany and 

 Troy the injuries to the English and Scotch varieties were 

 about equal, the latter suffering more in many instances, while 

 the American elm was eaten to a much less degree. 



AN ASSOCIATED INSECT 



The elms, particularly the European species, in Albany, Troy 

 and other places along the Hudson river are most unfortunate 

 in suffering from the attacks of another imported insect known 

 as the elm tree bark louse, Gossyparia ulmi Geoff. This 

 was first discovered in this country at Rye, Westchester co. 

 N. Y. in 1884, on the nursery stock of Mr Charles Fremd. It 

 is now known to occur in a number of localities in the Hudson 

 valley, being generally distributed over Albany, Troy and 

 adjacent towns, and ranging north to Greenwich. It has been 

 received by the writer from Ogdensburg, St Lawrence co. It 

 has also become established in the vicinity of Boston and at 

 Amherst Mass. and Burlington Vt. Other recorded localities 

 are \yashington D. C, Michigan agricultural college, Carson 

 City Nev. and Palo Alto Cal. 



Injuries and characteristics. The injurious nature of this bark 

 louse in our latitude has been abundantly demonstrated the 

 past few years in conjunction with the work of the elm leaf 

 beetle. The affected trees are easily recognized in midsummer 

 by their blackened appearance, which is caused by a growth 

 of the fungus Coniothecium saccharin um Peck in 

 the honey dew covering the foliage, the limbs and the ground 

 beneath. The minute drops of the secretion may easily be 

 seen in sunlight falling in showers from the clusters of insects. 



