SYLVICULTUliE. 



Lodgepole Pine and Norway Pine. Yellow Pine is never planted 

 in patches, since it comes up in larger groups only, of even age. 

 Planted under shelter it would not obtain enough sunlight. Tho 

 seeds are often planted on long strips two or three feet wide, 

 separated by trenches, the weeds and dirt removed from the 

 trenches being heaped on the strips. On the very driest soil, Jack 

 and Red Pine will do in the north; in the south, Long Leaf Pine. 

 The moisture demands of Pinus taeda exceed those of Pinus mitis. 

 Wet ground is required by Cuban Pine. Pinus ponderosa may grow 

 on any soil and aspect, north and- south. European Pine should 

 not be tried in places where snowfall is heavy. The sand dunes 

 at San Francisco are planted in Monterey Pine. A method much 

 used abroad some 80 years ago was the planting of Pine cones 

 (eight bushels of cones per acre). The cones were moved from time 

 to time by a. brush drag. Another old method for raising Pine 

 consisted in planting the seeds on top of oats, barley or summer rye. 

 The cover given should be one-fifth of an inch. The seeds are 

 mulched for three to seven days, before planting, in cold water. Old 

 seeds are apt to lie over for a whole year. Germination occurs in 

 from three to four weeks. The first leaves stand singly, and not in 

 sheathed bunches. The primordial leaves are strongly serrate. The 

 germinating percentage is high, say seventy to ninety per cent. The 

 seedlings of Pinus rigida creep on the ground the first two' years as if 

 dwarfed. Prices: banksiana, $5.00; murrayana, $10.00; inops or vir- 

 giniana, $1.10; jeffreyi, $4.00; mitis, $10.00; ponderosa, $2.50; pun- 

 gens, $4.50; resinosa, $9.00; rigida, $2.50; European Scotch Pine, 50e; 

 tuberculata, $4.50; taeda, $10.00; palustris, $4.50 per pound. In Jack 

 Pine, Lodgepole Pine and Table Mountain Pine the seed is not emitted 

 tor a number of years from mature aones. At Biltmofe, mitis drops 

 the seed between November 1 and December 15; Palustris seeds seem 

 to drop before December 15, since seedlings appear by middle of 

 January. 



D. White Pine. 



White Pine seeds cannot be kept as easily over winter as Yellow 

 Pine seeds. The seed matures at Biltmore about September 15, 

 and then falls at once. The European recipe, to gather the seeds 

 when drops of rosin appear on the cones, is misleading. After 

 gathering, the cones should be fully matured by exposure to sunlight. 

 Cones placed in heavy layers — over six inches — after gathering are 

 apt to mould, when the seeds will be destroyed. White Pine emits 

 seeds easily, placed in light layers on wire netting, when heat is 

 applied, and when the cones are stirred several times a day. The 



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