3 Dr. P. P. Carpenter on Pleistocene Fossils 



between these and their existing representatives may be expected 

 to present results analogous to those now being worked out 

 with such discerning accuracy from the various newer beds of 

 modern Europe. 



The first collection of Californian fossils seen in the east was 

 made near Sta. Barbara by Col. E. Jewett in 1849 ; but no ac- 

 count was published of them before the list in the British Asso- 

 ciation Report (1863), p. 539. They consist of forty-six species, 

 of which twenty-nine are known to be now living in the Cali- 

 fornian seas, and others may yet be found there. The following 

 ten are Vancouver species, some of which may travel down t» 

 the northern part of California : — 



Margarita pupilla, Priene Oregonensis, 



Galerus fastigiatus, Trophon Orpheus, 



Bittium filosum, Ckrysodomus carinatus. 



Lacuna solidula, C. tahulatus, and 



Natica clama, C. dines. 



Some of these are distinctly boreal shells, as are also Crepidula 

 grandis (of which Col. Jewett obtained a giant, 3^ inches long, 

 and which now lives on a smaller scale in Kamtschatka) and 

 Trophon tenuisculptus (whose relations will be presently pointed 

 out). So far, then, we have a condition of things differing from 

 that of the present seas, somewhat as the Red Crag differs from 

 the Coralline. But in the very same bed (and the shells are in 

 such beautiful condition that they all appear to have lived on 

 the spot, which was perhaps suddenly caused to emerge by 

 volcanic agency) are found not only tropical species which even 

 yet struggle northwards into the same latitudes (as Uhione 

 succinctd), but also species now found only in southern regions, 

 as Cardium graniferum and Pecten floridus. Besides these, 

 the following, unknown except in this bed, are of a distinctly 

 tropical type, viz. : .^ 



Opalia, var. insculpta. Pisania fortis, 



Chrysallida, sp. 



From a single collection made only at one spot, in a few 

 weeks, and from tke very fragmentary information to be derived 

 from the collections of the Pacific Railway surveys (described by 

 Mr. Conrad, and tabulated in the Brit. Assoc. Report, 1863, 

 pp. 589-596), it would be premature to draw inferences. We 

 shall await with great interest the more complete account to be 

 given by Mr. Gabb in the Report of the California Geological 

 Survey. With the greatest urbanity, that gentleman has sent 

 his doubtful Pleistocene fossils to the writer, to be compared 

 svith the living fauna ; but it would be unfair here to give any 



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