386 Life and Immortality. 
aversion towards him. This grew out of the mysterious 
actions of the animal. He was always around when I was 
busy at work and seemed to be eying me in a suspicious 
sort of manner, which at times made me feel very unpleasant. 
After the lapse of a few days I discovered that I was not so 
closely watched as before, and that I was treated by him as 
he was accustomed to treat the other members of the family. 
Upon inquiry I learned that he always acted in this way 
toward people whom he did not know intimately, and that, 
after a time, he had confidence in their honesty and left them 
alone. While in many instances Tip was entirely wrong in 
his surmises, yet cases are recalled where the dog was right 
and acted in a manner that would have been creditable to a 
human being. One of the men employed upon the place, 
presuming upon the friendship of the dog, sought to carry 
away under cover of darkness something belonging to the 
farmer, but he was immediately beset by the animal, who was 
an eye-witness of the proceeding, and compelled to desist 
from the intended theft. From that time the man was under 
the closest surveillance by the dog. Unable to effect a recon- 
ciliation, and chafing under the look of suspicion with which 
he was always greeted, the man soon took his departure, 
much to the delight and satisfaction of the faithful canine, 
and was never afterwards seen. 
Quite a common form of conscience among the lower 
animals is that which may be defined as a recognition of 
having done wrong, and acknowledgment that punishment is 
deserved. Animals have in their way very pronounced ideas 
as to right and wrong. When they have committed an act 
which they know will offend their master, they display as keen 
a conscience as any human being self-convicted of sin could 
exhibit. In many instances, the offence in not merely 
acknowledged, but the creature remains miserable until for- 
giveness has been granted. This condition of mind, if mani- 
fested by man, is called Penitence, and, assuredly, it cannot 
be known by any other name when manifested by animals 
