SOURCES OF INFECTION 5] 
agency of vaccines (see p. 58). Hounds and other sport- 
ing dogs, despite the fact that they cover considerable 
areas of the countryside, are not exposed to the same 
risk as the town dog, although it must not be supposed 
that the country is free from infection—far from it. 
When, however, one hound becomes affected, it is a 
serious matter, in view of the great probability of a rapid 
spread throughout the whole kennel, at any rate among 
the younger members of it. Thus, again, we find the need 
for strict isolation of those hounds which, having been 
placed out with farmers and others, are eventually 
returned to the master in the spring. 
Curtailing a General Outbreak.—Though such hounds 
may appear in the pink of health, it is very inadvisable 
to place them immediately with their companions, as, 
should a latent infection exist, a serious outbreak would 
probably result. In a case where the disease gains 
entrance undetected to a kennel containing a number of 
dogs, owing perhaps to carelessness in not isolating 
new-comers, the procedure is to remove the infected dog 
immediately, place it in strict isolation, and segregate all 
“in-contacts "—2.e., separate from the remainder all 
dogs which are known to have come in contact with the 
infected. 
If these cannot be determined owing to indiscriminate 
mixing, it is then advisable to group the dogs, allowing 
no members of one group to mix with those of any other. 
Should distemper appear later in one of the groups, the 
infected can be isolated, and the ‘“in-contacts” segre- 
gated as before, and a general outbreak will possibly 
have been avoided. During these proceedings the tem- 
peratures of all dogs should be taken daily, and any rise 
over 101'5° F. regarded with great suspicion. 
Essentials of Isolation—For isolation to be of real 
utility, the following points should be observed : 
