38o NATURE-STUDY 



The elder, gooseberry, dogwood, waahoo, hawthorns, holly, 

 and roses are pretty wild shrubs. Among desirable culti- 

 vated shrubs are lilacs, snowball, flowering currant, bush 

 honeysuckle, barberry, spirea, hydrangea, etc. 



Vines also may be very effectively used in hiding unsight- 

 ly buildings, old stumps, fences, etc. Our common wood- 

 bine or Virginia creeper is one of the most easily grown and 

 hardy. The variety that forms adhesive disks at the ends 

 of the tendrils with which it holds to the walls, etc., is the 

 best, as it does not need artificial support. The bittersweet 

 grape-vine and climbing honeysuckle are other excellent 

 vines. The berry-bearing shrubs and vines attract the 

 birds. 



It is best to get trees for planting from a nursery. If the 

 whole plan is to be carried out in one year the planting must 

 be done by experienced men hired by the school-board for 

 the purpose. If only a single tree or a few trees are to be 

 planted, it would still be better for one who understands to 

 do the work. But in case it is impossible to get such prac- 

 tised assistance, the teacher and pupils, by observing strictly 

 the following rules, may succeed in successfully raising a 

 tree. Too often the Arbor Day planting is simply an illus- 

 tration of how not to do it, and there are too many dead or 

 dying trees thus planted that are simply an irony on the 

 occasion. Great care should be taken to transplant a tree 

 so that it will not suffer too much injury, but even under the 

 best conditions transplanting is a severe shock to it. If trees 

 are bought at a nursery they will probably be properly dug 

 up and prepared for transplanting. They may be got from 

 the forest as well. In general, younger trees are more suc- 

 cessfully transplanted. For windbreaks, trees two or three 



