A GRADED COURSE OF NATURE-STUDY 475 



weed, sandburs, squirrel-tail grass, rye grass, burdock, nettle, 

 hemp.* 



Observe zonal arrangement along the road.* Why thus 

 distributed? Study hemp in detail. Note the abundance 

 of the pollen of most of these weeds. Refer to wind pollina- 

 tion. Also to hay-fever supposed to be caused by the pollen. 

 (168, etc.; 222, 230, 241, 156, 246 "Weeds.") 



Observe the flowers in swamps, meadows, roadsides, 

 pastures, prairies, and copses. Note characteristics and 

 beauty* of each. (183, 184, 153, 190, 476c, etc.) 



Miscellaneous Flowerless Plants: Ferns:* Note 

 the kind of places and soil where they grow, their beauty and 

 fragrance. Dig up some root-stalks for the school-garden 

 and window-boxes. Press fronds of different kinds, and 

 make an illustrated fern booklet with descriptions. Note 

 the large root-stalk and numerous roots. Note the coiled 

 tips of the young fronds.* On under side of leaf observe 

 spore dots.* Shake some ripe fronds on white paper. Briefly 

 refer to the purpose of this dust, the spores. They are not 

 seeds, but another kind of propagative device. (193, 195, 

 206, 152, and for identification — 179, 172, etc.) 



Moss, studied in a manner similar to last. Observe the 

 many different kinds. Note the situations they grow in. 

 If lost in the woods how could you tell north? Note the 

 pretty little capsules on slender stalks of many mosses. These 

 contain spores. Examine mosses with a magnifying or 

 reading glass. Gather some moss and put in the flower- 

 pots and window-boxes around the flowers. Better still, 

 make a moist chamber for them. (195, 193, 206, 152.) 



Observe the beautiful lichens on the bark of trees, and on 

 stones. Also observe the mats of liverwort on moist and 



