220 Animal Intelligence 
through the act) would be put where he could see another 
do the act and get a reward (food) forit. He would then be 
given a chance to do it himself, and note would be taken of 
his success or failure, and of whether his act was the same 
as that of his model in case he succeeded, and of whether he 
tried that act more than before the tuition in case he tried 
it and failed. The results are given in Table 11. 
In the fourth experiment No. 1 showed further that the 
tuition did not cause his successes in that after some suc- 
cesses further tuition did not improve him. 
There is clearly no evidence here of any imitation of No. 1 
by No.3. There was also apparently nothing like purposive 
watching on the part of No.3. He seemed often to see No. 
1 open the box or work the chute mechanism, but without 
special interest. | 
_ This lack of any special curiosity about the doings of their 
own species characterized the general behavior of all three of 
my monkeys and in itself lessens the probability that they 
learn much from one another. Nor did there appear, in the 
course of the three months and more the animals were to- 
gether, any signs of imitation. There were indeed certain 
notable instances of the lack of it in circumstances which 
one would suppose would be favorable cases for it. 
For instance: No. 2 was very timid. No. 1 was perfectly 
tame from the first day No. 2 was with me, and No. 3 be- 
came tameshortly after. No. 2saw Nos. 1 and 3 come to me, 
be played with, fed and put through experiments, yet he 
never did the same nor did he abate a jot or tittle from his 
timidity save in so far as I sedulously rewarded any chance 
advances of his. Conversely No. 1 and No. 3 seemed un- 
influenced by the fear and shyness of No. 2. No.2’s cage 
was between No. 1’s and No. 3’s, and they were for three 
weeks incessantly making hostile demonstrations toward 
