The Evolution of Human Intellect 291 
thing to smell at and perhaps worry, is to the child a little 
later a thing to grab and suck and turn over and drop and 
pick up and pull at and finger and rub against its toes and 
so on. \(The sight of the bottle thus becomes associated 
with many different reactions, and thus by our general law 
tends to gain a position independent of any of them, to 
evolve from the condition of being a portion of the cycles 
see-grab, see-drop, see-turn over, etc., to the condition of 
being a definite idea. | 
The increased delicacy and complexity of the cell 
structures in the human brain give the possibility of very 
small parts of the brain-processes forming different connec- 
tions, allow the brain to work in very great detail, provide 
processes ready to be turned into definite ideas. The great 
number of associations which the human being forms 
furnish the means by which this last event is consummated. 
The infant’s vague feelings of total situations are by virtue 
of the detailed working of his brain all ready to split up 
into parts, and his general activity and curiosity provide 
the multitude of different connections which allow them to 
do so. The dog, on the other hand, has few or no ideas 
because his brain acts in coarse fashion and because there 
are few connections with each single process. 
When once the mind begins to function by having defi- 
nite ideas, all the phenomena of reasoning soon appear. 
The transition from one idea to another is the feeling of 
their relationship, of similarity or difference or whatever 
it may be. As soon as we find any words or other symbols 
to express such a feeling, or to express our idea of an action 
or condition, we have explicit judgments. Observation 
of any child will show us that the mind cannot rest in a con- 
dition where it has a large body of ideas without comparing 
them and thinking about them. | The ideas carry within 
