BOTANICAL (.OXSlliERATIOXS. 



19 



make a section through M, A', as the seed was with its 

 outer covering, or pericarp, we have a most excellent 

 example of how the seeds are separated, and their 

 respective positions. The petals (Fig. i8, a) are visi- 

 ble on top, the cotyledons e, the root n and testa r are 

 shown in section; / is what remains of the carpels. 



The endosperm or albumen /> is white in appear- 

 ance and is made up of a series of starch cells, differ- 

 ent, however, from those found in the potato: they are 

 geometrical in shape. One of these starch grains is 



&• 



Fig. 20. Seed witL descending root. Fig. 21. Tip end of root .allowing 



the ptant cells as seen under 

 microscope. 



shown in Fig. ip; its diameter is 0.068 to 0.140 m. m. 

 They are very fragile and break under a very slight 

 pressure into small particles; they measure only 0.004 

 m. m. In certain cases they appear to have a molec- 

 ular motion. 



Planted Seed (Botanical). 



The bladder-like cell of which the final embryo 

 consists, multiplies, as before said, into a series of sub- 

 divisions; the process continues after sprouting and 



