xiv CONTENTS. 
tions to Mr. Bates’ Theory of Mimicry—Mimicry by Female Insects 
only—Cause of the dull Colours of Female Birds—Use of the gaudy 
Colours of many Caterpillars—Summary—General deductions as to 
Colour in Nature—OConclusion . . « « «+ Pp. 45—129 
IV.—The Malayan Papilionide, or Swallow-tailed Butterflies, 
as illustrative of the Theory of Natural Selection. 
Special value of the Diurnal Lepidoptera for inquiries of this Nature— 
Question of the rank of the Papilionide—Distribution of the Papi- 
lionida—Definition of the word Species—Laws and Modes of Varia- 
tion —Simple Variability— Polymorphism or Dimorphism— Local 
form or variety—Co-existing Variety—Raco or Subspecies—Species 
—Variation as specially influenced by Locality—Local Variation of 
Size—Local Variation of Form—Local Variations of Colour—Re- 
marks on the facts of Local Variation —Mimicry — Concluding 
Remarks on Variation in Lepidoptera—Arrangement—Geographical 
Distribution — Remarkable peculiarities of the island of Celebes— 
Concluding Remarks. . . . «. . . Pp. 180—200. 
V.—On Instinct in Man and Animals. 
How Instinct may be best Studied—Definition of Instinct—Does Man 
possess Instincts ?—How Indians travel through unknown and track- 
less Forests . . 5 . So oi : + Pp. 201—210 
VI.—The Philosophy of Birds’ Nests. 
Instinct or Reason in the Construction of Birds’ Nests—Do Men build 
by Reason or by Imitation ?—-Why does each Bird build a peculiar 
kind of Nest ?—How do young Birds learn to build their first Nest ? 
Do Birds sing by Instinct or by Imitation ?—Man’s Works mainly 
Initative—Birds do Alter and Improve their Nests when altered con- 
ditions require it—Conclusion . , . 3 . so, Pp. 211—230 
VIL—A Theory of Birds’ Nests; showing the relation of certain 
differences of colour in female birds to their mode of nidifi- 
cation. 
Changed Conditions and persistent Habits as influencing Nidification— 
Classification of Nests—Sexual differences of Colour in Birds—The 
Law which connects the Colours of Female Birds with the mode of 
Nidification—What the Facts Teach us—Colour more variable than 
