‘RESEMBLANCES AMONG ANIMALS, 87 
beautiful Euplaa midamus is so exactly mimicked by 
two rare Papilios (P. paradoxa and P. enigma) that I 
generally caught them under the impression that they 
were the more common species; and the equally com- 
mon and even more beautiful Euplea rhadamanthus, 
with its pure white bands and spots on a ground of 
glossy blue and black, is reproduced in the Papilio 
caunus. Here also there are species of Diadema imi- 
tating the same group in two or three instances; but 
we shall have to adduce these further on in connexion 
with another branch of the subject. 
Tt has been already mentioned that in South America 
there is a group of Papilios which have all the char- 
acteristics of a protected race, and whose peculiar 
colours and markings are imitated by other butterflies 
not so protected. There is just such a group also in 
the East, having very similar colours and the same 
habits, and these also are mimicked by other species 
in the same genus not closely allied to them, and also 
by a few of other families. Papilio hector, a common 
Indian butterfly of a rich black colour spotted with 
crimson, is so closely copied by Papilio romulus, that 
the latter insect has been thought to be its female. A 
close examination shows, however, that it is essentially 
different, and belongs to another section of the genus. 
Papilio antiphus and P. diphilus, black swallow-tailed 
butterflies with cream-coloured spots, are so well imi- 
tated by varieties of P. theseus, that several writers 
have classed them as the same species. Papilio liris, 
found only in the island of Timor, is accompanied 
