174 MEMOIRS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITT 



Man. Ed. 5, 156 ; Wats. & Coult. Ed. 6, 158 ; Bailey, in Gray, F. F. & G. Bot. Rev. Ed. 

 152; Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. 2 : 207. 



Prov. PL Can. 1: 186 (in part); Macoun, Cut. Can. PI. 1: 135 (in part). 



PotenfiUa vesca Scop. Fl. Carn. Ed. 2, 1: 363. 1772. 



Fragaria vulgaris Ehrh. Beitr. 7: 21. 1792. 



Illustrations: Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. 2 : /. 1910; Lam. 111. pi 44S ; Sturm, Fl. 

 Deutschl. 2: pi. 2*; Schrank, Fl. ^Monog. 1: pi. 39*; Dietr. Fl. Bor. 5 : j)l. SIS'^; Sv. 

 Bot. pi 16; Engl. Bot. 22: />/. 1524; Baxter, Brit. Bot. 4: pi 242; Fl. Dan. 13: 

 pi. 1235 ; Agardh, Syst. pi 14*; Decaisne, Jard. Fruit. jjI. 1 ; Thome, Fl. Deustchl. 3 : 

 pjl. 108; Hayne, 4: pi 26* 



Rootstock short and thick. Leaves rather thin, short, silky when young, but gla- 

 brate on both sides in age ; • petioles somewhat stouter than in the related species, often 

 1-2 dm. long, silky with spreading hairs ; leaflets rhombic-obovate, mostly acute, 2-10 cm. 

 long, coarsely serrate, often short-petiolate, especially the terminal one. Runners long 

 and slender. Scape often as high as the leaves, often with a foliaceous bract similar to 

 the leaflets, several-flowered, silky with spreading hairs, but the pedicels, however, ap- 

 pressed-hairy. Flowers 1-1.5 cm. in diameter ; sepals and bractlets from ovate to lanceo- 

 late, acute, slightly silky. Fruit generally subhemispheric, 1-1.5 cm. in diameter, red 

 or seldom whitish ; achenes superficial. 



F. vesca is a native of the Old World, extensively cultivated and found occasionally 

 escaped in the Eastern States. It is not a native of this continent, and the wild plant 

 known under that name is F. Americana. From this F. vesca differs in the stouter habit, 

 stouter and more hairy scape, the foliaceous bracts often present, thicker leaves with less 

 sharp serrations, and the fruit which has a tendency to be hemispheric. 



Pennsylvania: A. A. Heller and Gertrude Halbach, No. 903, 1893; A. P. Garber, 

 1870; John K. Small, 1889; Heller, 1889. 



Neiu York: E. B. Miller, 1885; N. L. Britton, 1891. 



New Jersey : Geo. V. Nash, No. 1, 1893. 



Ohio : A. E. Ricksecker, 1895. 



Minnesota : J. C. Kassube, 1878. 



Fragaria vesca alba (Ehrh.). 

 Fragaria vulgaris var. alba Ehrh. Beitr. 7: 22. 1792. 



Fruit straw-color or light pink; hairs of petioles and scape shorter and leaflets 

 more rhomboid. 



In the mountains of Pennsylvania, it behaves as a native and may be distinct from 



