374 CALAMITES. [CH. 



species of stems to which they belong, they are often referred 

 to as Calamites (Galamitina) approadmatus (Brongn.). The 

 specimen of which fig. 100 is a photograph was originally 

 described and figured by Mr Kidston' from the lower Coal- 

 Measures of Ayrshire. Both Calamites {Galamitina) Qopperti 

 (Ett.) and 0. (Galamitina) approadmatus (Brongn.) are recorded 

 from the Transition, Middle and Lower Coal-Measures". 



B. Stylocalamites. 



In the members of this sub-genus the branch-scars are 

 either irregular in their occurrence or absent. In some Cala- 

 mites the branch-scars are very few and far between, and other 

 species appear to have been almost without branches ; pith-casts 

 of such stems may be referred to the sub-genus Stylocalamites^ 



An exceedingly common Calamitean cast, G. Suckowi Brongn. 

 (fig. 82) affords a good illustration of this type of stem. In 

 the specimen shown in fig. 82 we have a cast of a rhizome, 

 which is rather exceptional in showing three branches in 

 connection with one another. The appearance of the fossil 

 suggests a rhizome, rather than an aerial shoot, bearing lateral 

 branches; the narrowing of the branches and the rapid 

 decrease in the length of the internodes towards the point of 

 attachment being features associated with rhizomes rather than 

 with aerial branches. 



Calamites {Stylocalamites) Suckowi, Brongn. Fig. 82. 



1818. Phytolithus sulcatus, Steinhauer'*. 



1825. Calamites decoratus, Artis''. 



1828. Calamites Suchowi, Brongniart". 



1833. Calamites cannaef<yrmis, Lindley and Hutton''. 



For more complete lists of synonyms of this species 



1 Kidston (93), p. 311, PI. ii. 2 Kidston (94), p. 248. 



3 Weiss (84), p. 119. * Steinhauer (18), H. v. figs. 1 and 2. 



^ Artis (25), PI. xxiv. 6 Brongniart (28^), Pis. xv. and xvi. 

 ' Lindley and Hutton (31), PI. lxxix. 



