26 TAXIDERMY AND MODELLING 



generally accepted article upon the subject is one by the 

 eminent savant at the Naples Station, Salvatore Lo Bianco,^ 

 from whose pages most of the following methods in this 

 division, and some formulas, have been compiled by the present 

 writer, and will be found indispensable when dealing with 

 animals which are so sensitive and alert that even the quickest 

 methods of killing fail to fix them properly ; in such cases 

 slow narcotisation — of which the animal operated upon is 

 unaware — is resorted to, by using such anaesthetics as chloro- 

 form, either as a vapour or as a liquid, nicotin, tobacco-smoke, 

 and deprivation of air, also by other methods described in the 

 following pages. The secret of success in all is the capability 

 of taking infinite pains and adhering exactly to the instructions 

 given. So with the sudden killing of large and small organisms ; 

 these are either paralysed, or killed at once by rapidly flooding 

 them with some lethal fluid, or placed in others which cause 

 them to more slowly die extended. In addition to such acids 

 or mixtures as are indicated, fresh water, cold or hot, but 

 especially the latter, are used to kill marine and some other 

 organisms, and the application of dry heat is sometimes 

 successful. It must not be supposed, however, that all 

 methods of narcotising and killing animals are to be found 

 in this work ; a selection of those most useful is given, and 



' " Metodi usati nella Stazione Zoologica per la conserVazione degli animali 

 marini," Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, ix. Band, iii. Heft, s. 

 435-474, 1890. Also " Methodes en usage k la Station Zoologique de Naples pour la 

 Conservation des Animaux Marins," par Salvatore Lo Bianco, Bulletin Scientifiqtie de 

 la France et de la Belgiqtce, Tome xxiii., 4**^ S&., 2.'^"" Vol., 1891, pp. 100-147. 

 Also a comprehensive abstract of the preceding, entitled," Methods for the Preservation 

 of Marine Organisms employed at the Naples Zoological Station," by Professor 

 Playfair M'Murrich, American Naturalist, xxiv. 1890, pp. 856-865, and Journal of 

 the Royal Microscopical Society, 1891, pp. 133-140. Also a risumi, " The Preserva- 

 tion of Marine Animals for Zoological Purposes," by J. T. Cunningham, M.A., The 

 Essex Naturalist, July and August 1892, pp. 1 18-129. Also The Microtomisf s Vade- 

 mecum, by Arthur BoUes Lee, third edition, 1893 (see Formula (§) 12, 18, 811-813, 

 835, 838, 841, 84s, 849, 851, 854, 855). See also De Castellarnau, La Estacion 

 Zoolog. de Nafoles, Madrid, 1885. 



