MODELLING AND SETTING UP A DEER'S HEAD 159 



come is made up by pasting strips of calico around the 

 block, followed by pasted paper, completely closing the orifice, 

 but leaving the required length of the neck-block outside it. 

 When, however, the neck is cast with the head — which should, 

 if possible, always be the case — some modification of this pro- 

 cedure will be necessary, which may be left to the sense of the 

 pupil ; but in any event all must be made perfectly firm and 

 rigid. 



The model should now be painted with whiting, into 

 which a little glue-water or paste has been stirred, and, when 

 dry, one coat of common oil-paint of any colour to hand will 

 be sufficient, or, failing this, boiled oil alone brushed over will 

 render it sufficiently waterproof for the reception of the damped 

 skin ; the subsequent proceedings being exactly the same as 

 directed for the plaster model (see preceding pages). 



The advantages of the paper over the plaster model are 

 twofold : great lightness combined with strength, for, whereas 

 the lightest plaster model weighs over 4 lbs., the paper one 

 made for this lesson, when blocked complete, weighed but i lb. 

 10 ozs., and whereas a plaster model dropped upon the floor 

 would inevitably be broken, the paper model may be (and 

 indeed was) dropped and banged about with impunity. (See 

 Fig. 2, Plate VII., for a view of the completed paper 

 head.) 



The manifest advantages of paper models of heads, limbs, 

 and carcases of mammals cast from the natural objects are so 

 enormous from every point of view, that now this system, so 

 easily managed, is published, it is hoped that incorrect and 

 rule-of-thumb methods of setting up mammals will for ever be 

 discarded, in favour of what must be at least scientifically 

 accurate. 



When models of the internal organs of any mammal are 

 required, it is better, before making a mould, to inject thin 



