28 



0R6AN0GBAPHY. 



row of stout bristles, and three or four slender ones on the 

 upper surface. When the bristles on the upper surface 

 are touched by a small insect, the lobes suddenly close in 

 on it and the prisoner is then digested and consumed. 



2g. The leaves are said to be alternate (Fig. 26) when 

 there is but a single leaf at each node or joint of the stem. 

 Examples of this arrangement are very numerous, as the 

 Apple, Oak, Elm, Willow, Dock, etc. If two leaves occur 

 at each node, they are' said to be opposite (Pig. 27), as the 

 Maple, Ash, Peppermint, Catnip, etc. Some- 

 times there are three or more leaves at each 



joint, as in Cleavers (^Galium), Trumpet-weed (JEupa,- 

 torium pwrpureum, L.), etc. In this case the leaves are said 

 to be verticillate (Fig. 28). In the Pines and Larch the 

 needle-shaped leaves are in clusters, that is, they are fascic- 

 ulate (Fig. 29). If leaves grow from the base of the 

 stem, but appearing to come out of the ground, they are 

 radical (Lat. radix, root). Those leaves inserted on the 

 stem are cauline (Lat. cavMs, stem). 



30. If on a straight, leafy shoot of an Elm, Cherry, 

 Apple, Oak, Willow, etc., a thread be passed from the 



Fig. 26. Alternate leaves. Fig, 27. Opposite leaYes. Fig. 28. Verticillate leaves. 

 Fig. 29. Fasciculate leaves. 



