226 



SYSTEMATIG BOTANY. 



about twelve hundred species, mostly herbs, with character- 

 istic, cruciform flowers, and tetradynamous sta- 

 mens (Fig. 334). Brasdca oleracea, originally a 

 wild European coast plant, has been cultivated for 

 a long time, and given rise to the " varieties" called 

 Cauliflower (Fig. 335), Kale, Brussels-sprouts, 

 Cabbage, and Kohl-Rabi (Fig. 336). The various 

 kinds of. Turnips, Colza,.and Eape have descended 

 from Brasdea campesbris of Europe. The Radish 

 (Raphanus sativus) is a native of China. The Horee- 

 radish (^Nasturtium 

 Armorada) has also 

 been long cultiva- 

 ted for its roots, 

 which are used as a 

 condiment. White 

 Mustard (Brasdea 

 alba) and Black 

 Mustard (£. nig- 

 ra'), natives of Eu- ^3P 

 rope, are in common 335 



use (ground seeds) as a condiment. The commonest culti- 

 vated representatives of the family 

 are Wall-flower (Chdranthus), 

 Stock (Matthiola), Rocket (^Hespe- 

 ris), Candy-tuft (Iberis), Honesty 

 (Lunaria), Sweet Alyssum, etc. 

 Among the weeds are Shepherd's- 

 Purse ( CapseUa Bursorpastoris), 

 336 Peppergrass {Lepidimri), False 



Fig, 334. Tetradynamous stamens ; aa, long stamens ; i b, short stamens. Fig. 

 836. Cauliflower. Fig. 336. Kohl-Rabi. 



