192 BOTANY. 



introrse; capsule linear-oblong, short-stipitate, enclosed in the corolla; seeds 

 oblong. — Alpine regions of the Rocky Mountains, also in Asia, and rare in 

 Europe, where it is said to have usually 5-parted flowers. 



Gentiana frigida, Hsenke. Griseb. I. c. 111. Gray, Syn. 120.— Ces- 

 pitose stems, 1-5' high, with fibrous roots; leaves linear to spatulate, 

 thickish, pale, 1-3' long, their bases forming a long sheath; calyx half as 

 long as the corolla, with subulate lobes and, frequently, a cleft tube; flowers 

 1-3, crowded on top, funnel-shaped, l£' long, yellowish or greenish-white, 

 spotted with red and brown; lobes broad- triangular, acute; reddish plaits 

 wide, oblique, undulate-crenulate, almost entire; anthers free; seeds broad, 

 narrowly winged, with crested ridges. 



Springy places, in the alpine regions of the Rocky Mountains, and in 

 Asia; very rare in Europe. — A very handsome plant in the color of its 

 flowers. Its mode of growth is entirely different from any other of our 

 species. The flowering stems bear in the axils of their lowest leaf-pair, 

 within its long sheath, or breaking through it, leaf-buds which in the 

 succeeding year produce flowering stems, while the base of the old stem 

 withers away. The roots are therefore only of one year's growth, thin 

 and filiform, «never thick, as those of most other Pneumonanthes, nor is 

 there a real caudex. 



Gentiana Pakeyx, Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis, 2, 218, pi. 10. 

 Gray, Syn. 121. — Few ascending stems from thick fasciculate roots, about 

 a span high ; leaves glaucescent, thickish, about 1' long, broadly ovate to 

 oblong-lanceolate, with a sheathing base, especially in the lower ones; the 

 uppermost boat-shaped and keeled, involucrating the single or few clustered 

 flowers, concealing the calyx and often almost equal to the large deep-blue 

 corolla; lobes of calyx linear, short, sometimes almost obliterated, shorter 

 than the campanulate often once- or even twice-cleft tube; corolla 1 J' long, 

 somewhat ventricose, its lobes short, broad, acutish, not much exceeding 

 the narrow deeply 2 -cleft appendages; anthers free ; seeds linear-lanceolate, 

 wingless. — Moist grassy places in the alpine and sub-alpine regions of 

 Colorado and Utah. 



Gentiana affinis, Griseb. I. c. 114. Gray, Syn. 122.— Many stems, 

 from a stout rootstock, with thick fasciculate roots, a span to a foot high, 



