WARD.] THE SOUTHWESTERN AREA. 323 
I submitted the material to Mr. F. A. Lucas, curator of the Depart- 
ment of Comparative Anatomy in the United States National Museum, 
who kindly examined them and reported as follows: 
The majority of the fragments are from aspecies of Belodon, apparently related to, 
possibly identical with, a peculiar genus and species (Heterodontosuchus ganei Lucas) 
described by me from the Trias of Utah. The Belodonta are Triassic. 
There is also the vertebra of a small Dinosaur and two dermal spines of some 
Dinosaur, undescribed, but suggestive of a genus having some affinities with the 
Stegosaurs. 
None of the specimens indicate genera older than the Trias. 
The geological position of these beds is one of special importance, 
because, according to all the determinations hitherto made and all the 
maps that have appeared, this locality would fall on the extreme 
western border of the Permian, next to the Carboniferous and many 
miles from the nearest Mesozoic deposits. As already remarked, the 
red sandstones cross the river at this point and extend some distance 
still farther to the southwest, but I.did not attempt to follow them to 
their contact with the Carboniferous, because at the time I was 
there I was not aware that the area had been mapped as Permian, and 
assumed that the occurrence of Mesozoic strata there was what was to 
be expected. 
It was easy to follow the quite persistent bands of white, blue, red, 
and brown along the bluffs to the southeast. They dip very slightly | 
in the opposite direction, but the dip is less than the fall in the river, 
and as a consequence the lower strata successively disappear in ascend- 
ing the stream. Twenty miles above the crossing the blue clay was 
no longer seen and the red marls became the basal member of the 
cliffs. This would give about 1 foot to tlie mile as the rate at which 
one rises in a southeasterly direction, which would make the lowest 
beds at’ Winslow some 70 feet higher than those at the crossing of the 
Lee’s Ferry road. 
The course of the Little Colorado above Winslow is more westerly, 
so that Holbrook, 35 miles above, is only 8 miles farther south, and 
the formation spreads out some distance on the left or south side of 
the river. Still its most important exposures are on the right bank, 
and they occupy a broad area to the northeast, finally passing under 
the higher Jurassic and Cretaceous beds of the Rabbit Ear Mesa 
region. The red saliferous sandstones are overlain by alternating 
marls and sandstones, but there is strict conformity, and if the former 
are Permian we must have in this series the entire Triassic system, 
because there is, according to all accounts, complete conformity, also, 
_of the overlying beds.” 
1 This fact was observed by Dr. Newberry, who says: ‘The fall of the river * * * is somewhat 
more rapid than the dip of the strata, so that, following it toward its sources, we were constantly 
ascending in the geological series.” Ives Report, p. 74. 
2See Newberry’s sections in the Ives Report, pp. 77-85, and compare Dutton, op. cit., Chap. XII. 
