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employing fish as food man is utilizing the energy that faUs 

 on the sunht ocean (Fig. 282 a). 



So great is the expanse of the ocean that the amount of 

 surface alga^ and of the fishes is practically unlimited. No 

 nation has utilized to the utmost the possibility of fish food 

 from the sea, yet some derive their main sustenance from fish- 



FiG. 282. — The Open Sea. 



eries. This is particularl.y true of Holland, and it is an old 

 proverb in that country " that the foundation of Amsterdam 

 was laid on herring bones." 



The princijDal fisheries in the United States are those of cod, 

 herring, mackerel, and salmon. Boston and Gloucester fish- 

 ing fleets alone in the year 1902 supphed about 33,000 tons of 

 codfish to our markets, and probably twice as much was taken 

 by other nations combined. The herring fishery, which reaches 

 its greatest importance on the northwestern coast of Europe, 

 has engaged annually 100,000 men and over 300 larger vessels 

 during the past quarter of a century. As many as 22 million 

 herring have been caught in two days by fishermen of a single 

 Enghsh town. One of the greatest fisheries of the United 



