ZOOLOGY 



Beyond the mouth a short gullet leads to the large stomach. 

 Next, the food passes into the upper digestive portion of the 



int 



Fig. 313. — Diagram of viscera of a male frog, Rana Icmpumria, seen from the left 

 side. Skeletal System: Skull: FR.PA, fn.nto-ijarietal of eranium : PMX, 

 premaxilla; SPH.ETH, sphenetlimoid ; M.MCK, cartilage base of lower jaw ; 

 b.hy, tongue-bone (hyoid) ; ro.t, teeth on vomer bone. Vertebral Column: cn.3, 

 centrum of third vertel)ra; ii.a.l, neural arch of first vertebra; UST, urostyle. 

 Girdles and Appendages: ep.cor, epicoracoid : IL, ileum: IS, ischium; 0.5T, 

 onio- and epi-sternum ; pu, pubis. Alimentary Syste.m : lug. tongue; eus.l, 

 Eustachian tube (remnant of gill-slit) ; (//.glottis; gul, gullet; si, stomach; dn, 

 duodenum; /r, liver ; b.d, bile duct; pn, pancreas; s.int, small intestine; rcl, 

 rectum; d, cloaca; an, anus. Circulatohy System: cart, conus arteriosus; 

 l.au, left auricle; pcd, pericardium; s.r, siiuis venosus ; v, ventricle; cp.ad, 

 fat hody ; d.hj.s, dorsal b'mph sinus ; .syj/, spleen ; L\bj.s, ventral lymph sinus. 

 Respir.\tory' Sy'Stem : Ling, left lung; rdng, right lung ; p.na, posterior narcs. 

 Urogenital Sy'Stem ; kd, kidney; ur, ureter opening into the cloaca, c/, at 

 ur' ; hi, urinary bladder opening at hi' into the cloaca; ts, testie ; vs.scm, seminal 

 vesicle. Nervous System: crb.h, cerebral hemisphere; chlm, cerebellum; sp.( . 

 spinal cord ; olfd, olfactory lobe of Ijrain ; opld, optic lobe of brain. From Pari. : 

 and Haswell. 



intestine, known as the duodenum, where the secretions of the 

 hver and the pancreas are poured (Fig. 313). This is followed 

 by a long, absorbing portion, and this, in turn, by the rectiun, 

 which receives also the excretory and reproductive products, 

 and consequently functions as a " cloaca." 



