22 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



and function. Local bleeding may be practiced by simple 

 scarification or leeches, or better, by cupping with or with- 

 out scarification. To apply leeches, the skin must first be 

 shaved. To cup, it must at least be greased. As a cup, 

 an ordinai-y large drinking-glass may be used, the air con- 

 tained in it being driven out by a lighted taper, and then 

 the taper being withdrawn, the mouth of the cup is in- 

 stantly and accurately applied on the skin and held there, 

 until, as it cools, it draws up the skin within it and clings 

 like a sucker. A nnmber of these may be applied accord- 

 ing to the extent of the inflammation, and, if desired, they 

 may be removed, the part scarified, and the cup reapplied. 

 The cupping usually effects more than a mere local atti-ac- 

 tion of blood ; it very commonly causes a free circulation 

 in the whole skin, a generally diffused warmth, and even 

 perspiration. Thus we may secure the derivation of blood 

 from the inflamed part, the cooling of a large mass of blood 

 in the extensive cutaneous circulation, the cooling of the 

 entire system by the return of this blood internally, the 

 elimination of injurious waste matters through the skin, 

 the lowering of the febrile heat and tension, and a better 

 functional activity of all the organs of the body. 



Similar good i-esults are obtained from all remedies that 

 induce surface warmth and vascularity and a free secretion 

 from the skin. 



Warm 'baths, for animals to which they can be applied, 

 abstract blood temporarily from the inflamed internal or- 

 gans, diminish the blood-pressure, and really cool the system, 

 beside securing elimination from the skin and other secret- 

 ing surfaces. They may be commenced warm (80° F.) and 

 gradually cooled down to 65° F. after the skin has become 

 freely active. In the larger quadrupeds, in which the warm 

 bath is practically impossible, the same revulsion of blood 

 and warmth to the skin may be secured by rags wrung out 

 of hot [almost scalding) water, wrapped tightly round the 



