Contagious and Episootio Diseases. 81 



object, to allow of the heat penetrating to all parts alike. 

 In the case of germs which have formed resting spores, it 

 may be further needful to repeat the boiling on several 

 snccessive days, time being allowed in the interval for the 

 development of the spore into the more destructible bac- 

 terium. Clothing may be heated in an oven to 300° F., or, 

 safer, boiled, and even the prolonged application of hot 

 transparent steam, directed from a hose upon wood-work, 

 etc., previously well cleaned, is found effectual. 



Some poisons, like those of Texas fever, cholera, and 

 yellow fever, are destroyed by freezing, while the majority 

 are merely imprisoned in the ice, but resume their evil work 

 as soon as they are thawed out. 



Carbolic acid may also be used in occupied buildings, 

 being allowed to evaporate from shallow basins, alone or 

 mixed with ether or alcohol, from saturated rugs hung up 

 at intervals, or from cloth-lined ventilating inlets, kept 

 saturated with the acid, or, finally, it may be diffused 

 through the air of a building by an atomizer. It is, how- 

 ever, rather an antiseptic than a germicide, preventing the 

 propagation and increase of germs, while it really fails to 

 kill them. Carholio and cresylio acids may also be used 

 for disinfecting solids and liquids, being poured into drains 

 or sprinkled on the floors, walls, and other parts of the 

 building. For the latter purpose the strong acid may be 

 diluted with one hundred times its weight of water. The 

 cheap impure acid is usually preferred for dung-heaps, 

 yards, and other outside purposes but is disagreeable indoors. 

 Coal-tar and wood-tar, from their contained carbolic acid 

 and allied products are also good for out-door uses. 



The following are especially applicable to solids and 

 liquids : 



Chloride of lime sprinkled on floors, yards, dung-heaps, 

 etc., or applied to walls, wood-work, etc., or poured into 

 drains, as a solution of ^Ib. to a gallon of water. 



