114 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser^ 



and consisting in the loading of the blood with plastic or 

 waste organic matter, as in overfed plethoric animals, in 

 those making flesh most rapidly, in the yonng and rapidly 

 growing, in those rendered unhealthy by overwork, impure 

 air, unsuitable food or water. 5. Sudden chills when the 

 poison is already present ; hence, extreme variations in the 

 temperature of night and day. 6. A close, still atmosphere. 



General Characters. In the typical cases the blood is 

 black, tarry, and incoagulable, and in all it shows broken-up 

 globules, and microscopic rod-like bodies, bacillus anthracis, 

 3.5 jjb (YTHTiT inch) long, and one-fourth as broad. The spleen, 

 lymphatic glands, and liver are enlarged, the mucous mem- 

 branes of the stomach and intestines are usually reddened, 

 thickened, and softened, and any other part of the body may 

 be the seat of bloody or albuminous effusion with a tendency 

 to death, decomposition, the extrication of gases in the tis- 

 sues and a crackling sound when handled. When it com- 

 mences in one point on the surface (malignant pustule) there 

 is first an unhealthy eruption of minute blisters, which burst, 

 dry up, and become gangrenous, while new blisters appear 

 around as the unhealthy action spreads. 



Divisions. The bacillar anthrax may be manifested by 

 external disease, or swelling, or without such appearances. 

 To the first class belong the carbuncular erysipelas of sheep 

 and swine, malignant sore throat of hogs, gloss-anthrax or 

 black-tongue, one form of black-quarter or bloody murrain, 

 the boil-plague of Siberia, and the malignant pustule of man. 

 To the second belong all those forms of the disease in which 

 there are the specific changes in the blood, with engorge- 

 ment of the spleen, blood-staining, and exudations into inter- 

 nal organs, only. 



AH'THEAX WITH EXTEENAL LESIONS. 



(A) In Hoeses. — (1) Siberian Boil-flague. This is un- 

 questionably an anthrax disease, and though named frotn 



