1 32 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



face, tliroat) but is also found in the lungs and other inter- 

 nal organs. About the head it seems to start from slight 

 sores of the gums or mucous membrane or cavities by the 

 side of decaying teeth and to extend slowly into the solid 

 tissues. The affected jaw-bone swells out into a large rounded 

 mass, and the outer dense bone becoming absorbed before 

 the advancing soft growth within, the diseased mass finally 

 reaches the surface and gives rise to running sores. This 

 was formerly known as "lump-jaw" or " osteo-sarcoma " 

 .but the presence of the gritty yellow granules in the open 

 sores betrays the true nature of the malady. When the 

 tongue is attacked the growth takes place as a rounded hard 

 swelling which has given rise to the name of wooden tongue. 

 As it advances it approaches the surface and forms a raw 

 ulcerating sore in which the yellow tufts may be found. At 

 times the whole face may be involved, the lips and nostrils 

 becoming thick, firm, rigid, and comparatively immovable, 

 and the mucous membrane as well as the skin is swollen so 

 that breathing is snuffling and difficult. Around the throat 

 it forms similar hard resistant swellings, more or less round 

 as it invades especially the glands. In the lungs the deposit 

 causes modification or loss of the respiratory murmur over 

 circumscribed areas, with cough and expectoration, but un- 

 less the yellow tufts can be found in the expectoration the 

 exact nature of the disease may escape recognition. 



Prevention. — As the fungus appears in grass and grain 

 fed animals in omnivora and carnivora, no precautions as to 

 diet can be suggested, except the avoidance of very coarse 

 fibrous food likely to wound the mouth or throat, and of hard 

 flinty corn and other seeds likely to cause injury to the teeth. 

 Vegetation grown on pastures where the disease prevails 

 should especially be avoided. I have known the affection 

 recur in three generations of cattle on the same soil. Dis- 

 eased teeth and ulcerated gums which might form a seed- 

 bed for the germ should be extracted, filled, or healed. Fi- 



