1 74 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



CEOUP OE EOUP TSS FOWLS. 



Causes. Probably similar to those acting on quadrupeds. 

 Exciting diet (wheat, buckwheat, oats,) seems at times in- 

 jurious. Newly- arrived fowls are most liable to contract it, 

 yet it does not always seem contagious in the ordinary sense, 

 but rather inherent in soil, locality or conditions o£ life. 



Syirvptoms. Dullness, sleepiness, neglect of food, ruffled 

 feathers, unsteady walk, quickened breathing, with a hoarse 

 wheeze, and an occasional loud crowing noise. On the tongue, 

 at the angle of union of the beak, or in the throat appear 

 yellowish white films {false membranes) firmly adherent to a 

 reddened surface, and raw sores where these have been de- 

 tached. The nostrils may be completely plugged with swell- 

 ing and discharge so that breath can only be drawn through 

 the open bill. The inflammation may extend along the wind- 

 pipe to the aerial cavities and lungs, or along the gullet to 

 the intestines. In the first case, death may take place from 

 suffocation, and in the second, from diarrhoea, and as early 

 as in twenty-four hours. Toward the end of an outbreak, 

 the malady may last twenty days and still prove fatal. False 

 membranes may form on other distant parts of the body, but 

 especially the comb, wattles, eye, or on accidental sores. 



Treatment. Disuse raw grain, and feed on vegetables, 

 and puddings made of well-boiled oat, barley or Indian meal. 

 Dissolve carbonate or sulphate of soda, or chlorate of potassa 

 freely in the water drunk, remove the false membranes with 

 a feather or forceps and apply to the surface with a feather 

 the nitrate of silver lotion advised for croup in quadrupeds. 

 If diarrhoea supervenes, give a teaspoonf ul of quinia wine 

 thrice a day. It is all-important to change the run of the 

 chickens for a time at least. 



DIPHTHEEIA. 



This is seen in calves, pigs, horses, rabbits, mice, rats, kit- 

 tens, guinea-pigs, hens and ducks. It is undoubtedly con- 

 tagious, yet one attack does not protect against a second. In 

 tlie false membranes, blood, and internal organs (spleen, liver, 

 kidnej', etc.) are found spherical and rod bacteria (strepto- 



