184 Tlie Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



If tliere is extreme effusion threatening suffocation the 

 liquid must be drawn off by a small cannula and trocar 

 (see Tympany) inserted at the anterior border and near 

 the lower end of the ninth rib, the skin having first been 

 drawn aside to form a val-vular wound, and great care 

 being taken to prevent the entrance of air. The liquid 

 should be drawn off only in part at first to avoid shock, 

 and the operation repeated iu a day or two. It should be 

 followed by tonics (sulphate of iron, tincture of gentian,) 

 stimulants (sweet spirits of nitre) and diuretics (iodide ol 

 potassium). 



PLEUEO-PNEUMONIA, BEONCHO-PNEUMONIA, AOT) BBONCHO- 

 PLEUEO-PNEUMONU 



Are common comphcations of the three diseases, broncJiitis., 

 pneumonia and pleurisy and their respective symptoms 

 and treatment may be inferred from the description of the 

 uncomphcated affections. 



HYDEOTHOEAX. WATEE IN THE CHEST. 



Beside the effusion of liquid into the cavity of the chest 

 in pleurisy, dropsical effusions may take place into it in 

 connection with weak, bloodless conditions, as in flukes in 

 tJie liver, disease of the heart, enlarged bronchial lym- 

 phatic glands and other morbid states. The symptoms re- 

 semble those of hydrothorax following pleurisy, only there 

 is no fever, and there are the indications of those other 

 diseases on which it is dependent. The treatment is es- 

 sentially the same after the morbid condition which has 

 caused the effusion has been removed. If that is incur- 

 able neither can this be remedied. 



PNEUMOTHORAX. AIE OE GAS IN THE CHEST. 



This often attends on hydrothorax when the contained 

 liquid has undergone some decomposition. More fre- 

 quently it is the result of a wound penetrating the walk 

 of the chest with its edges pressed inward so that they ad- 



